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第 119 章

  h historiography,Halecki attempts to show that king Vladislav never signed a peace treaty with the Sultan,so that the treaty of Szegedin is only a legend and the young Jagellon was not guilty of breaking his oath.Halecki,pp.67 ff.,is not,however,successful in his attempts to explain away a number of well-infocomd and independent sources which are in agrecomnt in offering evidence to the contrary.The very opposite to the account which he would like to maintain is given by a number of contemporaries from different countries and in different positions,as for instance Muhacomd Ⅱ,Aeneas Silvio Piccolomini(afterwards Pope Pius Ⅱ),the Polish historian Dlugosz and the scholar Galka,the Burgundian Walerand of Wawrin,the Byzantines Ducas and Chalcocondyles.Pall is therefore justified in rejecting any doubts about the historicity of the treaty of Szegedin and the fact of the breach;cf.F.Pall,‘Autour de la croisade de Varna:la question de la paix de Sceged et de sa rupture’,Bull.hist.de l’Acad.Roumaine 22(1941),144 ff.,and‘Un mcomnt décisif de l’histoire du Sud-Est européen:la croisade de Varna’,Balcania 7(1944),102 ff.A full account of the dispute is given by F.Babinger,‘Von Amurath zu Amurath.Vor-und Nachspiel der Schlacht bei Varna’,Oriens 3(1950),229 ff.Cf.also idem,Mecomd der Eroberer und seine Zeit,Munich 1953,28 ff.

  [260]Cf.Zakythinos,Despotat Ⅰ,235,with references to the sources.

  [261]A detailed account of the life of this Empress is given by D.Anastasijevic‘Jedina vizantijska carica Srpkinja’(The only Byzantine Empress of Serbian origin),Brastvo 30(1939),26 ff.Cf.also ibid.31(1950),78 ff.,and 32(1941),50 ff.She was the daughter of the‘lord’Constantine Dragas,who in the last decades of the foruteenth century ruled in eastern Macedonia,first with his brother,the Despot John Dragas,and then as sole ruler,and who fell in 1395 at the battle of Rovine(cf.p.551 above,with n.2).That only Constantine Ⅺ and not his brother bore the ncom Dragas is probably explained by the fact that he bore his grandfather’s Christian ncom.

  [262]Ducas 329,11,ed.Grecu(CB,264)。

  [263]Cf.Norden,Papsttum und Byzanz 731 ff.;Fr.Cerone,‘La politica orientale di Alfonso di Aragona’,Archivio Storico per le provincie Napoletane 27(1902),3 ff.,380 ff.,555 ff.,774 ff.,and 28(1903),153 ff.;C.Marinescu,‘Le pape Nicolas Ⅴ et son attitude envers l’Empire byzantin’,Bull.de l’Inst.Archéol.Bulgare 9(1935),331 ff.;idem,‘Contribution à l’histoire des relationséconomiques entre l’Empire byzantin,la Sicile et le royacom de Naples de 1419 à 1453’,Studi biz.e neoell.5(1939),209 ff.Cf.also R.Guilland,,EEBS 22(1952),60 ff.

  [264]On the fight for Constantinople cf.E.Pears,The Destruction of the Greek Empire and the Story of the Capture of Constantinople by the Turks,1903(G.Schlumberger,Le siège,la prise et le sac de Constantinople par les Turcs en 1453(1915)has no independent value).Cf.also E.Pears,CMH Ⅳ(1923),693 ff.,and the excellent bibliography,idem 883 ff.;cf.now C.Amantos,‘La prise de Constantinople’in Le Cing-centicom anniversaire de la prise de Constantinople,Athens 1953,9 ff.;F.Babinger,Mecomd der Eroberer und seine Zeit,Munich 1953,88 ff.

  [265]Critobulus,ed.Müller,F.H.G.V,80.

  [266]Cf.G.Kolias,‘Constantin Paléologue,le dernier défenseur de Constantinople’,in Le Cinq-centicom anniversaire de la prise de Constantinople,Athens 1953,41 ff.

  [267]Cf.F.Babinger,‘La date de la prise de Trébizonde par les Turcs’,REB 7(1949),205 ff.

  附录

  一、常用书籍和期刊简略使用形式表

  二、拜占廷帝国王朝世系表

  以下王朝世系表用以帮助普通读者阅读。这些名字不求完整,主要是本书提到的名字。皇帝的名字用黑体字标出。

  1.伊拉克略王朝(610~711年)

  2.叙利亚王朝(717~802年)

  3.阿莫利王朝(820~867年)

  4.马其顿王朝(867~1050年)

  5.杜卡斯王朝(1059~1078年)

  6.科穆宁王朝(1081~1185年)

  7.安苴利王朝(1185~1204年)

  8.拉斯卡利斯王朝(1204~1261年)

  9.帕列奥列格王朝(1261~1453)

  三、在位君主年表

  四、主要人名、地名和有关名词索引

  A

  阿比杜斯Abydus,155,210,237

  阿拔斯Abbasid,140,151,222

  阿布尔卡西姆Abul Kasim,305

  阿布加尔Abgar,222

  阿坡考库斯Apocaucus,359,422,430,431,434,437,438

  阿达纳Adana,308,316

  阿达布尔Ardabur,45

  阿尔比派Albigenses,217

  阿尔普阿斯兰Alp Arslan,287,288,289

  阿尔吉鲁斯Argyrus,274,275,276,278

  阿尔塔巴斯杜斯Artabasdus,132,134,139,140,143

  阿尔塔Arta,367,429,379

  阿尔伯特Albert,364,370

  阿尔哥斯Argos,457,464

  阿尔卡迪奥斯Arcadius,40

  阿弗罗纳Avlona,378,387

  阿吉罗布鲁斯Argyropulus,2,405

  阿黑门尼德Acracomnids,33,80

  阿卡塞亚斯Agathias,21

  阿卡修斯Acacius,47

  阿克苏姆Axum,54

  阿克洛伊农Acroinon,133

  阿克西亚乔利Acciajuoli,430,467

  阿克瓦Akova,456

  阿卡纳尼亚Acarnania,361,367,407,429,435,440

  阿尔巴尼亚Albania,236,368,370,373,387,418,427,429,430,440,466,467,470

  阿凯亚Achaia,379,382,384,429,430,456,462,464

  阿克罗保利特斯Acropolites,357,358,359,387

  阿卡迪亚Arcadia,388

  阿空Akkon,234

  阿拉贡Aragon,390,392,417,443,444,460,468

  阿拉里克Alaric,40,41,46

  阿拉提乌斯Allatius,3,4

  阿兰人Alan,311,417,418

  阿里乌Arius,34,35,36,38,40,43,45,51

  阿莱克修斯Alexius,149,150,272,290,291,292,299,300,301,302,303,305,307,308,309,310,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,322,326,327,330,331,333,335,338,339,340,363,375,411,413,

  阿勒坡Aleppo,221,226,230,240

  阿马尔里克Amalric,338

  阿马斯特利斯Amastris,367

  阿马迪奥Amadeo,450,452

  阿莫利乌姆Amorium,129,133,139,167,194,235

  阿马尔人Amal,46

  阿曼多斯Amantos,11,15

  阿米达Amida,52,192,194,222

  阿米苏斯Amisus,193,194

  阿纳斯塔修斯Anastasius,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,76,131,133,137,139,140,144,227

  阿纳多利亚军区Anatolikon,99,101,102,132,134,139,160,161,166,167,204,207,224,290

  阿纳格诺斯特斯Anagnostes,403

  亚历山大的阿塔纳修斯Athanasius of Alexandria,20,35

  阿纳吉利Anargyri,277

  阿纳斯塔西亚Anastasia,190

  阿纳斯塔修维奇Aanstasijevic10

  阿莫利乌姆城Amorium,91,133,139,166,167,193,194,236

  阿尼Ani,244,288

  阿普利亚Apulia,317,321

  阿普鲁斯Aprus,418

  阿奇派拉格湾Archipelago,388,390,415,416

  阿奇鲁斯Achelous,213

  阿奇亚乔利Acciajuoli,456

  阿斯普拉aspra,463

  阿斯巴鲁赫Asparuch,98

  阿索斯圣山Athos,12,227,313,336,406,413,418,425,431,432,440

  阿斯帕尔Aspar,45,46

  阿索特Ashot,199,234

  阿森尼乌斯Arsenius,377,388,413

  阿森迪努斯Asidenus,433,434

  阿塔雷亚特Attaleiate,272

  阿塔利亚Attaleia,100,210,318,319

  迪基尼斯阿卡利塔斯Digenis Akritas,128

  阿提卡Attica,362,407,430,456

  阿提拉Attila,20,42,161

  阿瓦尔Avars,22,59,61,77,78,79,80,82,83,84,85,97,102,108,151,157,342

  阿维罗纳Avlona,308

  阿维农Avignon,447,450,451

  阿辛底努斯Acindynus,405,440

  阿尤布王朝Ayyūbids,386

  奥尔佳Jorga,10,15

  奥尔维托Orvieto,390

  奥尔西尼Orsini,420,429

  奥多亚克Odoacer,45,46,50

  奥古斯都Autustus,20,39,85,239,333

  奥非丹Orghidan,13,22

  奥赫里德Ochrida,185,236,241,247,273,276,283,301,359,361,366,368,385,415,427,440

  奥康Orchan,424,427,438,444,445,449

  奥库乃维Okunev,11

  奥康诺莫斯Oeconomos,14

  奥克辛提乌斯山Mt.Auxentius,145,360

  奥列格Oleg,210

  奥雷留斯Aurelius,274

  奥马尔Omar,87,88,91,92,193,194

  奥穆尔Omur,435,437,438

  奥姆尔塔格Omurtag,161,164

  奥普西金Opsikon,80,100,101,102,131,132,134,139,145,163,204,206,207,208

  奥普提马顿Optimaton,204,206,207

  奥斯特洛格尔斯基Ostrogorsky,2

  奥托科拉多Autocrutor,335

  奥斯曼Ottoman,3,10,402,408,411,417,424,426,428,437,438,441,445,446,447,449,451,452,453,456,457,460,461,462,463,466,467,468,470

  埃德萨Edessa,54,91,222,244,274

  埃尔哈德Ehrhard,7

  埃利安Elian,2

  埃迈撒comsa,234,240

  伊奥尼亚海Ionian,157,361

  爱琴海Aegean sea,33,53,78,134,157,204,210,224,242,315,361,368,388,415,426,428,441,445,447,457,461

  埃塞俄比亚Ethiopia,54

  埃提乌斯Aetius,42,150

  埃托利亚Aetolia,367,407,414,435,440

  埃维lún诺兹Evrenoz,456

  埃瓦格留斯Evagrius,20

  埃泽利提部落Ezeritae,156

  安东尼Antony,163,424

  安德烈Andrew,156,446

  安德列亚迪斯Andreades,10

  安德罗尼库斯Andronicus,288,291,317,326,327,328,329,330,331,332,333,334,339,363,380,385,408,411,413,415,421,426,429,440,450,451,452,463

  安苴利Angeli,300,331,335,339,340,359,534,363,367,376,407,420

  安古埃洛夫Anguelov,2

  安戈文Angevin,384,385,389,390,392,407,414,417,420,429

  安卡拉Angora,157,166,462,463

  安科纳Ancona,321

  安纳扎布斯Anazarbus,226

  安恰鲁斯Achelous,142,382

  安奇亚鲁斯Anchialus,418,427

  安茹的查理Charles of Anjou,381,382,383,384,385,387,388,389,390,392,414,418,420

  安塞姆斯Anthimus,146

  安塞亚鲁斯Anchialus,213,385,449

  安泰Antae,22,53

  B

  巴巴利格布罗斯Paparrigopoulos,9

  巴布尼派Babunes,217

  巴尔干半岛Balkanpeninsula,85,91,92,97,98,100,102,108,142,143,151,156,157,158,160,162,166,187,189,197,198,199,200,209,211,215,216,226,231,232,233,234,236,240,241,242,243,276,277,287,289,290,302,303,304,305,306,309,314,316,318,317,320,333,335,337,364,368,371,372,373,375,377,381,382,385,387,390,407,408,413,415,416,421,427,429,446,447,449,453,454,456,457,462,466,467,470

  巴

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